‘Portrait of a Marriage’ – A Semi-Autobiographical Glimpse of the Life and Loves of Vita Sackville-West

Published: 1973

Author: Nigel Nicolson

Publisher: Slightly Foxed Ltd

Genre: Memoir/Biography

Subjects: Vita Sackville-West (V S-W), Harold Nicolson (writer and diplomat), Violet Keppel, Rosamund Grosvener

Setting: Knole (large country house with 52 staircases, spread over 1000 acres)

Format: confessions of Vita about her love affair with Violet Keppel. Vita’s diaries are interspersed with notes and commentary from her son, Nigel Nicolson

Summary: ‘Portrait of a Marriage’ is a description of several years in the married life of Vita Sackville-West and Harold Nicolson, part autobiography by Vita, part biography by the couple’s younger son Nigel Nicolson. In particular the book describes those critical years when the couple’s marriage teetered on a dangerous precipice. It was threatened by Vita’s affair with Violet Keppel, climaxing when Vita and Violet eloped to France, only to be retrieved by their respective spouses. What shines through in the book is the extraordinary bond that Vita and Harold shared with one another. Their marriage is an example of a relationship that didn’t follow conventional norms, but still worked for them in private, defying societal judgement, gossip and speculation.

On reading the memoir in its entirety, a few lines from the foreword have struck me the most and stayed with me. Penned by Nigel Nicolson, they read thus:

“It is the story of two people who married for love and whose love deepened with every passing year, although each was constantly and by mutual consent unfaithful to the other. Both loved people of their own sex, but not exclusively. Their marriage not only survived infidelity, sexual incompatibility and long absences, but became stronger and finer as a result. Each came to give the other full liberty without enquiry or reproach. Honour was rooted in dishonour. Their marriage succeeded because each found permanent and undiluted happiness only in the company of the other.”

Part One of the book is Vita Sackville-West’s personal diary from 1920, which attempts to recount details of her affair with Violet Keppel and purge her mind of the love she had for this woman. One can gauge a certain level of frustration that the author had, how she could not reconcile herself to loving someone of her own sex. She speaks of a ‘Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde personality’.

“That is the whole crux of the matter, and I see now that my whole curse has been a duality with which I was too weak and too self-indulgent to struggle.”

This personal narrative of Vita’s is interspersed with notes from her son, Nigel Nicolson. Though the later pages of the book do mention Vita’s relationship with Virginia Woolf, this book does focus more wholly on Vita’s relationship with Violet Keppel, the single incident, which threatened to break Vita’s marriage with Harold. After this, the couple developed an understanding that remained unbroken, despite their subsequent infidelities.

Part One and Part Two have a number of streams of narrative : Vita’s parental family history and her childhood at Knole and the inheritance dispute of the family estate of Knole. Vita first met Violet at the age of 12. They went to school together in London but their relationship didn’t develop romantically till much later, when Harold and Vita were married for five years in 1918.

Part One and Part Two of Vita’s narrative serve as the prelude to the development of the affair. It details Vita’s family history, her Gramdfather’s love and special attention to her at Knole, the 1000 acre family estate, over which there was a very public legal battle upon Vita’s grandfather’s death. Vita’s parents won the estate and it was Vita’s home till she married the diplomat, Harold Nicolson in 1913. The couple set up their own home at Long Barn in a tumbledown cottage, two miles from Knole, which was extensively restored and extended by Sir Edward Lutyens, companion to Vita’s mother.

It was in the Spring of 1918, that Vita and Violet’s affair started at Long Barn. Harold was away on foreign diplomatic work. Vita and Harold were separated a lot due to Harold’s work and they missed each other tremendously, writing to one another frequently to fill the void between them. Violet was to be engaged to Denys Trefusis the following year – a relationship that was one-sided, in that Violet was obsessed, devoted to Vita and wanted to leave everything and live with her.

The climax was reached in 1920, when Vita and Violet planned to elope together to Amien in France. Rather ironically, on Valentine’s Day of 1920, Harold and Denys both flew to Amiens in a two seater aeroplane, piloted by Denys Trefusis. They then retrieved their respective spouses and took them back separately to Paris.

In the next year or so, although Vita and Violet met and went away together, their relationship dwindled. Violet returned to Denys. Vita went on to have relationships with different people but she always came back to her anchor and support, her constant companion to the end – Harold Nicolson. I feel their son, Nigel summarises the pattern of their relationship perfectly in the lines –

If their marriage is seen as a harbour, their love affairs were mere ports of call. It was to the harbour that each returned; it was there that both were based.

If one steps back from all the dates, the isolated events, the places, the people, the history that reside in the book, one person in particular shines through the narrative – Vita Sackville-West. One can’t help but believe that she must have been a tremendous personality. To have the capacity to love so many people, to have so many people love her so fervently, to have a constant, steadfast companion like Harold Nicolson to the last – now that highlights no ordinary individual.

Many Thanks to the Folks at Slightly Foxed for sending me a review copy. All thoughts and opinions are my own.

Librocubicularism, Pink Sugar by O Douglas and Books Within Books

There is no greater comfort than reading in bed. Did you know that a person who reads in bed is called a librocubicularist? The word is an amalgamation of the Latin words for book and bedroom. Christopher Morley used this term in his book ‘ The Haunted Bookshop’. One of the books I’ve been reading in bed this month is O Douglas’ ‘Pink Sugar’. Isn’t it quite natural that one should read comfort books in bed or at least keep them by the bedside?

Here is a copy of my edition of ‘Pink Sugar’. Notice how Kirsty Gilmour beckons to us in her green dress. Wearing green emeralds around her neck, or is that jade?

I collect these pocket vintage Nelson editions of the O Douglas stories and am very fortunate to own a complete set. Here they are. Aren’t they stunning?

Let us return to Kirsty Gilmour and ‘Pink Sugar’. I’ve been hosting a super slow readalong of the book over on my Instagram channel. I’ve made copious chapter by chapter analysis and I’ve really enjoyed doing so. Apart from the bare backbones of the story, I’ve been simultaneously taking note of the books mentioned within ‘Pink Sugar’ – an epic example of how books live within books.

Books mentioned within books give us a fascinating insight into the personal library of the author. If it is a favourite author, then such insights are even more delightful. One would hope that such a reading list would provide even more reading material similar to our favourite author’s writing. Reading lists from old books (Pink Sugar was first published in 1924) give us an idea of what kind of books were being published at the time, a social history lesson of sorts. Here’s a list of some of the books mentioned by O Douglas.

Isn’t it a lovely list? Some of the books are ideal to curl up with on a rainy day while watching the rain pour outside.

Pink Sugar is just that kind of a book. It’s about young Kirsty Gilmour who is young, has a substantial legacy left to her by her Father, who decides to go back to her Scottish roots and rent a small house and garden in the Scottish Borders. The house is part of a larger estate owned by a retired Colonel. Little Phantasy as the small house is called is a charming house with a little stream trickling through the back garden. Kirsty’s heart is full but she only wants for the presence of people to fill her house with. An old Aunt, who has fallen on harder times is recruited along with three tiny children whose Mamma has passed away and whose Father wishes to travel to forget his grief. There are lots of well meaning neighbour’s, the beauty of the mountains as a backdrop to the story, ever present, majestic and looming. Each chapter of the story might be lifted from a charming stage production, so we’ll crafted are the situations, characters and dialogues. It is a quiet story about a young woman finding purpose in her life, of finding love and of giving love. It’s just the kind of story that I like. Nothing much happens but your inner world is enriched from reading it.

We will be reading The Proper Place by O Douglas on my Instagram channel in May. Do join.

Introduction to Sally by Elizabeth von Arnim

Introduction to Sally by Elizabeth von Arnim

‘Introduction to Sally’ by Elizabeth von Arnim is a novel about a young woman of exceptional beauty, who causes a flurry of excitement wherever she goes due to her great beauty. Rather than act as a boon, Sally’s exceptional looks bring her the wrong type of attention and this is a matter of concern to the people related to her. First her Father, then her protective husband and then people who get to know her well are flustered by the amount of attention Sally unwittingly receives.

Sally has one great disability, at least in the eyes of the upper middle class and upper classes of society that she finds herself in and that is her inability to enunciate well, particularly her ‘h’s’ at the beginning of words, in fact she is encouraged to quickly lose the Cockney accent that she has used and known her entire life. 

This is an extremely funny novel and von Arnim’s knack for bringing out the ridiculous in social situations makes it a novel that will strike you at every twist and turn of plot, but at the same time – to me at least – it is a heartbreakingly painful novel. A novel where one has to look upon the plight of a naive innocent young girl who is worshipped superficially and is trained to behave in ways that completely delete her past. It highlights how much beauty is revered in society. There’s also a very uncomfortable line drawn between the social classes – there are the Pinners of the world spouting their Cockney accent and leading honest hardworking lives, the Dukes and Duchesses of the world with nothing much to do with their time except look towards the next form of personal amusement, and then the Lukes of the world – living in genteel poverty yet steeped in snobbery, studying at Cambridge and trying to win respect and admiration through their accomplishments. 

This is an interesting novel with Sally at the centre of it all. In fact an ‘Introduction to Sally’ will have you feeling, and experiencing many things in the short course of meeting her. The crux of the matter is : is there anyone in her life who can see past Sally’s good looks and love her for who she is?

Sally’s parents are hardworking people living in London and running a grocery shop. Mrs Pinner however, attracts a lot of attention due to her good looks and has to be protected by her husband from all and sundry. The couple have a much awaited daughter after many years and the Pinners decide to call her Salvatia – a baby who brings about salvation of their souls and spirits – but Mr Pinner is not to know then, the trouble Salvatia or Sally as she is called, will bring him. 

When Sally is a young girl, Mrs Pinner passes away and now it is Sally’s turn to command everyone’s attention due to her startling good looks. Mr Pinner retires to a quiet sleepy village in the vicinity of Cambridge and hopes that no one will discover Sally there. He doesn’t take into account however, the number of undergraduate students at Cambridge who pass through the sleepy village and call on his grocery store. 

One day, a young brilliant undergraduate called Luke Jocelyn chances upon Mr Pinner’s shop and is awestruck with the vision of Sally. He forgets all his academic ambitions, his bright future, his family, his purpose – all he knows is that he is beguiled with Sally and must have her for his own. When he proposes to marry his daughter, Mr Pinner’s initial anger regarding Jocelyn’s attentions, turns to joy and within the fortnight, Sally is married off to Luke Jocelyn. 

During the blissful first moments of the honeymoon in Cornwall, Luke’s initial state of besottedness succumbs to horror as he realises that much is to be desired regarding Sally’s delivery of speech. Dropping of h’s at the beginning of words, terms and phrases, in fact her Cockney dialect and all the little niggling details of her lack of education and total oblivion regarding social niceties – makes him realise that he has to introduce Sally to his Mother – a snobbish woman who is very proud of her son and his accomplishments and is very aware of her position in society. 

When Mother meets Sally for the first time she makes gentrifying Sally a full-time project and Sally, much to her dismay is temporarily abandoned by her husband who goes back to Cambridge. There’s nothing left for Sally to do but abandon ship, leading to disastrous, weird and wonderful consequences. The book is quite a joy-ride of action and activity but through it all one can’t help feel sorry for Sally, who wants nothing more than two rooms to live in, a number of babies to take care of and ‘usband’ to come home to her at the end of the day. 

Is it a satire against society? Perhaps it is. And one can only wonder about a society so chained to a love for superficial ideals, wealth and an awareness of class differences. We need more people who have Sally’s heart, her love for home, her innocence and the freshness of her voice. A thoroughly thought-provoking novel shedding light on the social sensibilities of the 1920’s.

’Introduction to Sally’ was sent to me as a review copy but as always, all thoughts about the novel are my own.

Introduction to Sally by Elizabeth von Arnim

Stories for Winter and Nights by the Fire

Stories for Winter and Nights by the Fire

There’s something very haunting about the collection of stories entitled ‘Stories for Winter and Nights by the Fire’. They’re certainly those kind of tales that will make you want to sit closer to the fire, nestle into a blanket and truly absorb the spirit of winter. I’ve now read the stories and each one of them has a wonderful mood that will have you pausing and thinking about the feeling of being immersed in winter. 

There’s an unusual story by Elizabeth Taylor of a young woman waiting for her lover in a house completely flooded by the icy waters of the overflowing Thames. She spends a night with two mystery neighbours, after wading out to their house in a boat, drinking and trying to overcome her sense of isolation. 

‘A Cup of Tea’ by Katherine Mansfield is set around a cold winter afternoon. The story is about a rich, well-to-do woman called Rosemary who, on a whim, takes home a poor young woman who asks her, on the street, for the price of a warming cup of tea. Her pity takes a turn though, when the young girl’s beauty catches the eye of her husband. 

‘The Snowstorm’ by Violet MacDonald is a peculiar story about a woman, Elizabeth and a man meeting at an inn and the man imploring her to spend the night with him. There is a description of the terrific snowstorm that they had to drive through to reach the country house in the depths of the country. There’s lots of atmosphere and even more snow and a feeling of foreboding in the story which keeps you on the edge of your seat. ‘November Fair’ by Kate Roberts is a small story that captures beautifully the hard life of the Welsh people with beautiful nuggets of quotidian detail. Here too the cosiness of the railway compartment contrasts sharply with the cold of the exterior Welsh landscape.

Apart from this there’s a spooky ghost story, a strange story from Elizabeth Bowen about searching for the perfect winter hat at a very quiet mysterious shop with a gracious and slightly condescending proprietress called Ann Lee. There’s a chance encounter with a sinister man whilst at the shop. There’s a story to make you smile called ‘The Cold’ from Sylvia Townsend Warner – which has that woeful wonder as its central character – the winter cold!

These are just a few of the stories that have caught my eye. I think this is the perfect book to pick up in January and February, when the excitement of Christmas is over and the winter nights draw in. Don’t expect Christmas cosy, but do expect lots of wintry atmosphere.

’Stories for Winter and Nights by the Fire’ was sent to me by the British Library as a review copy but as always all opinions are my own.

Elizabeth Goudge’s Magical ‘A City of Bells’

 

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A Cathedral town that seems to be straight out of a fairytale, memorable, endearing characters that stay in your mind forever, a quaint bookshop with a winsome bookseller, a romance at the heart of the story and a mysterious plot regarding the disappearance of a literary genius – ‘A City of Bells’ by Elizabeth Goudge is all this and much more. 

‘ A City of Bells’ is the third Goudge novel I’ve read (others being ‘A Bird in the Tree’ and ‘A Little White Horse’) and so far, is perhaps my favourite.

 

The Plot of ‘A City of Bells’

‘A City of Bells’ deals with the story of Jocelyn Irvin, a war veteran, who travels to his grandparent’s house in the fairytale Cathedral town of Torminster. He seeks calm and solace and he also seeks to escape a life of being tied down to a clerical job in an office in London, that has been approved by his parents. Quite by chance, Jocelyn is induced by friends and family, to take up residence in a quaint old house in Torminster and become a bookseller. Whilst there, he befriends a whole community of unique characters and endeavours to solve the riddle of the disappearance of the man who had inhabited the house before him – one Gabriel Ferranti. In the lost manuscript that Ferranti leaves behind him, Jocelyn with the help of his dear friend Felicity Summers, tries to piece together Ferranti’s work – a play – and thereby try to resurrect his genius. The question remains – where has Ferranti gone and more importantly, is he still alive?

 

The Setting

The setting of the story is the delightful town of Torminster. It is a Cathedral town and is supposedly modelled upon the city of Wells in England. The descriptions of the Cathedral town are delightful. There is a medieval feel to the place. The Cathedral Close, the Village Green, the Cathedral clock, the quaint bookshop with their vivid descriptions seem very real. The blue hills and the countryside loom up into the distance and form the perfect backdrop for the picturesque town.

There it was, Torminster, her home, the place that she loved as she would love no other place all her life long. There were the old roofs and chimneys and the church spires, the smoke lying over them like a mist, and there, towering up above the smoke, was the grey rock of the Cathedral with its three towers.

Delightful Characters in ‘A City of Bells’

One of the aspects of ‘A City of Bells’ that really appealed to me were the very well drawn characters. I think this is the great strength of Goudge’s writing – her ability to create beautiful and very lovable characters. From gentle, philosophical old Grandfather, cantankerous but lovable Grandmother, Jocelyn with his disability but his literary bent of mind, beautiful, exuberant Felicity Summers- the actress and last and best of all – the charming child Henrietta. To me, Henrietta’s charming character was the highlight of the book and I long to learn about her future in the sequels to the book.

 

Beautiful Nature Descriptions

Th beautiful nature descriptions in ‘A City of Bells’ is another reason why I enjoyed the book so much. Here is a description of a particularly memorable nature ramble.

“… the Tor woods in May were Paradise.

The primroses and violets were faded but the wood anemones were sprinkled over the dark earth like stars. Here and there a shaft of sunlight pierced through the new green leaves overhead and touched their whiteness to a shimmering silver, and sometimes a puff of wind made them all shiver and stir, as though they were bright points of light on water. That poised look, peculiar to them, as of something so frail that it might at any moment blow away, made them look away, made them look more like butterflies than flowers whose roots were in the earth.”

 

Favourite Quote in ‘A City of Bells’

“In my experience when people once begin to read they go on. They begin because they think they ought to and they go on because they must. They find it widens life. We’re all greedy for life, you know, and our short span of existence can’t give us all that we hunger for, the time is too short and our capacity not large enough. But in books we experience all life vicariously.”

~ Grandfather from ‘A City of Bells’

You will enjoy this book if you enjoy …

… the books of L.M Montgomery. The nature descriptions of Goudge do remind me a lot of Montgomery’s beautiful nature writing.

Also the quirks in Goudge’s characters, although quite slight, are very enjoyable to me and remind me slightly of Dodie Smith’s quirky character drawings in ‘I Capture the Castle’.

 

I read ‘A City of Bells’ with the Elizabeth Goudge Book Club on Instagram.

Fair Stood the Wind for France by H.E. Bates

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I am reviewing this book as part of the #1944club, initiated by Simon David Thomas of ‘Stuck in a Book’and Karen of ‘Kaggsy’s Bookish Rambling’.

To take a look at other books published in the same year, reviewed by other bloggers, please take a look at the round up posts that should be up on the previously mentioned blogs.

‘Fair Stood the Wind for France’ by H E Bates is a war time work of fiction that deals with the story of a group of British airmen, who are compelled to make a forced landing in occupied France and have to take refuge in the home of a kind French family, who risk all they hold dear to help the men. In particular it is the beautiful story of the love and trust that grows between the injured head flight pilot and the daughter of the French family.

HE Bates’ ‘Darling Buds’ series is one that I read in my early teens and it has always been very dear to me. Apart from the obvious humour in the stories of the inimitable Larkin family, there is a beauty in Bates’ writing that brings out the best in all natural things. Moreover his writing has a sensual quality. With a keen eye for observing small details, one gets the idea, that here is a writer who knows how to live life to the lees and appreciates the small things.

The beautiful nature writing, descriptions of food, sensuality in describing human interactions and emotions is rendered just as beautifully in ‘Fair Stood the Wind France’. To add to that you have a moving love story and an epic struggle where the protagonists strive to find freedom.

The story starts with the British plane hovering over the French Alps during the night. There are some wonderful descriptions of the snow glistening on the mountains beneath the aircraft.

Sometimes the Alps lying below in the moonlight had the appearance of crisp folds of crumpled cloth. The glacial valleys were alternately shadowy and white as starch in the blank glare of the full moon; and then in the distances, in all directions, as far as it was possible to see, the high snow peaks were fluid and glistening as crests of misty water.

The man in charge of the aircraft, one John Franklin, feels a deep sense of responsibility for his crew of four sergeants, a responsibility that has grown over the year that they have flown together. It is the third summer of the War, tempers are rising, impatience is growing, a sense of uncertainty prevails.

When the engine of the aircraft fails, Franklin is forced to make an abrupt landing, in the dead of the night, in marshy terrain, in what they hope is Occupied France. I’m still confused why landing in this part of France was preferable.

Franklin seriously injures his arm during the impact of an abrupt landing. The crew take recourse to the medical help provided by a local French family. The family, consisting of a mill owner, his beautiful French daughter and aged mother provide the airmen with shelter at the risk of being shot and discovered.

Moreover, papers are procured for the British airmen- false papers that will take them across the border to unoccupied France and further to England. The path to safety is a long one and one that holds considerable risk. Even when the airmen reach the relative safety of unoccupied France, there is the risk from the French people themselves, who are impoverished and in need of food and money themselves.

The world that Bates paints is fraught with much strife, pain, suffering and uncertainty.

In fact this sense of uncertainty and helplessness pervades the entirety of the novel. From a year of publication perspective, the fact that the novel was published in 1944, when the outcome of the war effort was still uncertain, surely contributes to set the tone of the novel. Moreover, there is an overwhelming sense of sorrow, a deep sense of grief for the war and everything that it stands for, and the monstrous face of what it has turned the world and it’s people into.

He felt she was crying for something that he could never have understood without her and now did understand because of her. Deep and complete within himself, all these things were part of the same thing, and he knew that what she was crying for was the agony of all that was happening in the world.

’Fair Stood the Wind for France’ may  have become one of my most beloved wartime novels. The story is full of heartache and poignancy. I wonder how much of it was based on what Bates himself saw first hand, as a writer, commissioned by the RAF to write short stories?

The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie by Muriel Spark

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‘The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie’ by Muriel Spark tells of the rise and fall of an unconventional Edinburgh schoolteacher, Miss Jean Brodie and the strange love triangle she shares with two fellow schoolteachers.

The story is told by an omniscient narrator, in the present and in flash-forwards and hence, the pieces of the story are revealed in fragments. The mode of storytelling and the tension fraught in its format, makes it quick and compelling reading.

At various intervals in her career, Miss Jean Brodie handpicks a a select group of girls from her elite Edinburgh school, whom she trains in private. She educates them in her own particular modes of wisdom and she calls them the ‘créme de la créme’. Jean Brodie’s  specialised curriculum consists of information including but not limited to the Buchmanites and Mussolini, the  Italian Renaissance painters, the advantages of cleansing cream and witch hazel over soap, the meaning of the word ‘menarche’ and the interior decoration of the London house of the author A.A. Milne.

The six selected girls are famous for different things. Monica Douglas for mathematics, Rose Stanley for sex (or I suppose her suspected potential), Eunice Gardiner for gymnastics, Sandy Stranger for her enunciation, Jenny Gray for her grace, and Mary Macgregor for her silence.

Jean Brodie’s unconventional teaching methods are frowned upon by the school authorities, who are continually searching for reasons to dismiss her. It is only the Brodie set that are close enough to Jean Brodie, to be able to acquire incriminating evidence against her and thus betray her. There is one person among the set who betrays Jean Brodie, and the latter  spends her entire life brooding upon the identity of this betrayer. It is beyond her comprehension that someone out of the group of girls-  a group that she has given up the best years of her life and even sacrificed her love life for, should thus stab her in the back.

While the girls are being trained, they were also privy to the emotional and personal life of Jean Brody- a lady in her prime ( a term that is repeated and reinstated in the novel several times) and embroiled in a complex relationship with two scoolmasters – the singing teacher Gordon Lowther and the handsome, one-armed war veteran Teddy Lloyd.

The betrayer of Jean Brodie is someone who also gets involved in this love triangle, thus proving that often jealousy arising from love can overwhelm loyal and decent relationships.

The book is full of such unusual and challenging relationship dynamics. It is also a book about morals and ethics and politics. Jean Brodie in her ‘prime’ forsakes morals and chooses to sleep with the singing teacher, while all the time nurturing a deep, obsessive passion for the art teacher.

There is a displacement of love in the story, such that physical love is only shown to occur between individuals who do not care for one another. A cycle of retribution seems to occur so that Jean Brodie is ultimately punished for her seemingly unrelated action of sleeping with the singing teacher.

The humour in ‘The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie’ is very dark and best described as black comedy. It’s hard for me to exactly pinpoint what the essence of the novel is about. To me it feels like a commentary on the rejection of all things conventional and a lesson on the havoc it may create.

A Vivid ‘Portrait of Elmbury’ by John Moore

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‘Portrait of Elmbury’ by John Moore is the recounting of the author’s life, in the small market town of Elmbury in the interwar years.

It seems that the name Elmbury is a fictitious name. In all probability the town of Elmbury is the author’s childhood hometown of Tewkesbury. The names of the characters that show up frequently in the narrative have also been changed to preserve anonymity. What cannot be disguised, however, is the author’s fondness for his hometown, its valleys and fields, its orchards and woods, its rivers and farms ,along with the assortment of distinguished and motley characters that lend Elmbury, a character all its very own.

We follow the author’s life chronologically, starting from the years 1913-1918, when he was a small child, to his boyhood: 1919-1924, his early working life as an auctioneer’s apprentice at his uncle’s office in Elmbury: 1924-1927, a period of returning to Elmbury after four years writing in London: 1931-1935 and lastly a description of the years leading up to the commencement of the Second World War.

The narrative is extremely dense. One needs to devote absolute concentration during reading lest one misses out a detail of an incident, a character or a description.

One fact emerges quite early on in the narrative and that is the fact that Elmbury is not that idyllic English country town bestowed with bucolic charm. This is no James Herriot style storytelling. We learn of the beauty of Elmbury but it is always coupled with the not so beautiful, the derelict and the ugly. And it rears its ugly face in the form of the disreputable ‘Double Alley’.

Indeed, even among Elmbury’s slums, Double Alley was something to be wondered at. Respectable women drew their skirts closer about them as they passed its nauseous opening; even the doctor and the priest were unwilling adventurers on the rare occasions when they were summoned to visit it; and policemen, who were more frequent visitors, took care to go in pairs when their duties took them there.

The author grows up in what he describes as the ‘loveliest house in Elmbury’, Tudor House, which is plump opposite to the entrance to the squalor of Double Alley. Through the window, the young author and his sibling witness the goings on that occur on the high street of Elmbury, the daily rituals of Elmbury residents and the Punch and Judy like theatrics of the Double Alley residents. We learn of the town scoundrels-Pistol, Bardolph and Nym; the Colonel who makes faces at them through the window and emerges later on in the narrative as one of the author’s dearest friends.

Even though, the author accentuates the dirt and filth of Elmbury, ever so often, we are treated to pictures of pastoral perfection. It is in these descriptions of nature where the author excels.

It was a perfect autumn evening. There was mist like blue smoke hanging about the little wood they called the Dogleg Spinney and down in the vale you could see streaks of whiter mist over the the river. The sun was setting in a mass of airy pink clouds like flying flamingos and the Abbey tower, catching the light, burned like a beacon. The chestnut trees in the churchyard, with brown and yellow leaves, were incandescent also. Sprawled around the Abbey, half in light and half in shadow, lay the lovely and haphazard town.

If I had one word of criticism about the narrative it is this that: I found the author distanced his own personal life tremendously from the text. We know scant details of his life: that his father was the mayor of the village, that he lost his father early on in life, that he joined his uncle’s office as an auctioneer, that he disliked certain aspects of his job especially auctioning off the belongings of poor farmers in debt, that he started writing books and left for London to be part of the fashionable writing set, that he returned to Elmbury, after those years in exile with a greater appreciation for the place.

Emotion seemed larger here, pleasures were keener, sorrows sharper, men’s laughter was more boisterous, jokes were funnier, the tragedy was more profound and the comedy more riotous, the huge fantasy of life was altogether more fantastic. London, for all its street lights, was a twilit world; Elmbury on a murky February evening, seemed as bright as a stage.

When the author does return to Elmbury, it is the time of the Great Depression and this time of hardship is felt as keenly in Elmbury as any other place in Britain. It can be witnessed in the long line of people standing outside the Labour Exchange, of the large number of people loitering without a purpose on street corners, in the abject expression in the faces of the villagers…

Then there is a period of ‘uneasy peace’, a lull before the great storm of the Second World War. The people of Elmbury, are called away- some to distant foreign fields to wage a bloody war and some like the author take to the skies in mortal combat.

For my part, I had determined that when war came-we no longer thought of it as ‘if’- I should fight it in the air; for I had just learned to fly a Moth, had discovered a brave new world of cirrus and cumulus, and was bemused by the strange beauty of the sky’s snowy regions, its unearthly continents of clouds.

 

Many of these people never return to the green verdant fields of Elmbury…

‘Portrait of Elmbury’ is, as the title suggests, a vivid and minutely detailed historical sketch of the market town as seen through the eyes of the author. What is very evident is the author’s great love for the place. I enjoyed it for a unique glimpse at a way of life that occupies a special place in the rural history of England.

I’m eager to read the second book in the trilogy- ‘Brensham Village’,  to see exactly where the story takes us.

 

I received a review copy of ‘Portrait of Elmbury’ from the kind people at Slightly Foxed but all opinions about this wonderful narrative are entirely my own.

The Constant Nymph by Margaret Kennedy

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This review of Margaret  Kennedy’s ‘The Constant Nymph’ is in celebration of Margaret Kennedy Day, hosted by Jane from Beyond Eden Rock’s Blog.

The Constant Nymph is Kennedy’s most celebrated novel. Published after the First World War, in 1924, it was met with much critical acclaim. It is certainly a well written novel and the storyline is smooth without any stops and gaps. The subject matter is a little sensitive but quite intelligently written.

The story for the most part is set in Austria, in the Tyrolean Alps and I must say that the setting was one of my most favourite things about the book. It tells the story of the Sanger family. The father, the avant-grade composer Albert Sanger, is an unusual man. A gifted but not very successful English composer he has spent most of his life in exile, inhabiting various European towns and cities and simultaneously acquiring a large host of wives, mistresses and children.

Sanger, finally settles down in a remote chalet, high up in the Tyrolean Alps, in a location that can be accessed only by train, boat and a steep climb. Here, he lives with his slovenly mistress and seven children in a lively cohort frequently referred to as ‘Sanger’s circus’. Many of Sanger’s artistic friends, mostly bohemian in temperament, visit and stay with the family.

One of them is the talented composer Lewis Dodd, a young man who is a regular visitor and is so well loved by the family that he almost seems part of it. In particular Lewis and fourteen year old Teresa have a very close relationship. Teresa worships Lewis and Lewis is very tender and loving towards Teresa.

 She was guided by the constant simplicity of her young heart. He was himself the only man who could ever betray it and she had been his, had he known it, as long as she could remember. Her love was as natural and necessary to her as the breath she drew…

The family is considerably disturbed when Sanger quite suddenly dies. The orphaned children look towards their maternal relations for support and are sent to English boarding schools, much to their disgust. Prior to their dismissal, a maternal cousin, Florence visits them up on the alm. Beautiful, sophisticated and well educated, she beguiles Lewis and the two of them decide to marry after a quite short courtship. Teresa, heartbroken, watches as Lewis is swept off his feet.

In England, Florence and Lewis settle down to married life which Lewis quite quickly finds very stifling. He realizes the mistake that he has made and looks again to fifteen year old Teresa, for comfort. Constant in her love for him, Teresa must choose between the calling of her heart and her moral obligation towards her cousin.

One cannot but help draw mental comparisons between Nabokov’s ‘Lolita’ and Kennedy’s ‘The Constant Nymph’. I will not say more, but I do believe that Kennedy has dealt with a very sensitive topic with great skill.

I find the love triangle at the heart of the novel to be quite unique. The different people in the novel have quite unusual, unconventional relationship dynamics amongst themselves. Teresa’s love for Lewis can be likened to that of a teenage infatuation but what makes it unusual is that it remains quite strong and that it is equally reciprocated by Lewis.

 

Lewis and Florence have an unusual relationship as well. Lewis is mesmerized by Florence’s beauty and sophisticated demeanour and Florence is drawn to his passion and talent for music. Lewis holds great power over Florence and knows it all too well.

The story I think is quite modern. Nearly a century later, the bohemian lifestyle of the Sangers’ seems quite unconventional  to say the least.

There are frequent references to the importance of the need of formal education in a person’s life. Though Kennedy advocates it, she also shows us that it is not a requisite for forming a moral sense of right and wrong and steadfastness of character.

I find the title to be quite curious. When I look up the exact definition of nymph in the dictionary it refers to ‘a mythological spirit of nature imagined as a beautiful maiden inhabiting rivers, woods, or other locations’. As I ponder over the meaning I realize that the title is so very apt.

The beauty and spirit of this book lies in the Tyrolean chapters, where the children roamed free and uninhibited in the bosom of nature. Teresa, whilst described as being far from beautiful by Kennedy, is always described in the most loving terms by Lewis. Teresa’s constancy of heart can be witnessed at every step of the story, proving to us that this  blessed trait can be found in the very young too. It is a valuable lesson to be reminded of.

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Barchester Towers and a Spot of #Trolloping

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It all started with Barbara Pym.

You might ask: what relation does Barbara Pym have to Anthony Trollope? You would be right in asking the question.

A few years ago, I read Excellent Women by Pym and immediately fell in love with her style of writing. On discovering she had not written many books, the research scholar in me decided to find ‘Pym-esque’ authors.

The search uncovered Angela Thirkell- described by Alexander McCall Smith as:

“perhaps the most Pym-like of any twentieth-century author, after Barbara Pym herself, of course.”

The setting of Thirkell’s novels, in the rural setting of provincial England, a fictitious place called Barsetshire made me aware of that county’s close relation- the original Barchester of Trollope’s novels.

To put a long story short, I came to Anthony Trollope quite by accident and in a roundabout way but I am very glad that this happy accident occurred.

I purchased the whole gamut of books that comprise the Chronicles of Barchester series and announced my intentions on Bookstagram (Instagram for Book Lovers). I was met with an overwhelming enthusiasm from Bookstagram friends and the Trollope Club (Just a Bunch of Trollopes) was born and along with it much discussion and merriment. We have a hashtag (#trolloping) and are currently reading our third book, Dt Thorne in July 2016.

But now to Barchester Towers, the book, itself.

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Barchester Towers takes us back to the hallowed precincts of the cathedral town of Barchester a few years after where ‘The Warden’ left off.

The position of Warden at Hiram’s Hospital is still unoccupied, the Bishop of Barchester is on his deathbed and John Bold has left for his heavenly abode.

In short, these three facts set up the series of events that form the majority of the plot of Barchester Towers.

Even before the Bishop has expired, several people are plotting to steal the Bishopric for themselves, even the Bishop’s son-the Archdeacon, Dr Grantly.

The bishopric falls into the hands of a Dr Proudie: a man in good standing with men in high positions in the government and incidentally endowed with an amazon of a wife. Mrs Proudie not only holds the strings of her household in her able hands, she also has first say in all matters related to her husband’s affairs, much to the chagrin of the clergy in Barchester. To add insult to injury, Bishop Proudie’s obnoxious chaplain, Mr Slope, decides to subject his parishioners to a lengthy lecture on various religious matters during his first sermon.

The clergy of Barchester, particularly Archdeacon Grantly, are up in arms against Mr Slope and Bishop Proudie and their combined reforms. Several members of clergy are called back to their religious duties in Barchester. One of them. Dr Stanhope has to return from the idyllic shores of Lake Como to take up his duties in his parish. The Stanhope family and their contingent of exotic characters bring a touch of foreign excitement to the goings-on in Barchester, particularly Dr Stanhope’s married, crippled, seductive daughter who takes up the title of Signora. Her brother, the lazy, good for nothing but charming Bertie Stanhope is looking for an easy way to relieve his debts.

He sets his cap at Eleanor Bold, who has been widowed for over a year due to the untimely demise of John Bold who was introduced to us in The Warden. Eleanor has quite a substantial annual income and though she can live quite comfortably with her infant son and sister-in-law, this income unfortunately enables her to fall prey to several bachelors who are looking for an easy way to acquire money.

Two bachelors, Bertie Stanhope and the slippery Mr Slope woo her to achieve their own ends- financial gain. A third- A Mr Arabin, a clergyman placed newly in charge of the small parish of St Ewolds, a great favourite of Archdeacon Grantly and rival of Mr Slope is also added to the mix and we have the recipe for great entertainment and drama.

However, Barchester Towers is more than just an elaborate marriage plot. We are introduced to a large cast of captivating characters, each with their own very distinct characteristics. For me the highlight of the story was the introduction to the excellent host of characters.

Trollope uses a very unusual form of narrative whilst telling the story. Frequent authorial intrusion led to the disruption of the otherwise smooth narration. However, the dialogue between author and reader led to several instances of comedic comment from Trollope. He also frequently tried to manipulate the reader to adopt his way of thinking. I cannot think of any other novel where I have witnessed so many authorial asides and interjections.

Without giving too much away, we have a very satisfying conclusion to the story, leading me to agree with the author that

“There is no happiness in love, except at the end of an English novel.”

 

Backstabbing, politics, humour, romance, conversation and  Victorian social etiquette combine very effectively  in this most excellent of novels, Barchester Towers.

I wonder, what will come next in the saga?